A New Numerical Model Coupling Modified Method of Characteristics and Galerkin Finite Element Method for Simulation of Solute Transport in Groundwater Flow System
Nilkanth Hanmantrao Kulkarni
AQUADEMIA WATER ENV, Volume 2, Issue 2, Article No: 04
https://doi.org/10.20897/awet/90719
Research Article
[Abstract]
[PDF]
[References]
ABSTRACT
A new numerical model coupling the modified method of characteristics (MMOC) with the Galerkin finite element method (GFE) is proposed for the assessment of groundwater pollution in regional groundwater flow system. The MMOC-GFE solves governing solute transport equation which involves the simulation of advection and dispersion parts by MMOC and GFE, respectively. This model allows the use of large time steps (large Courant numbers) and large spatial steps (large Peclet numbers) with stable and convergent solutions. The proposed model is successfully implemented for a test case which includes comparison of the model results with reported solutions of other numerical models. It is found that MMOC-GFE model is quite adequate in simulating solute transport in heterogeneous aquifer with combined pumping and injection schemes.
Keywords: solute transport, groundwater flow, courant number, peclet number
REFERENCES
- Banas, L. (2004). Solution of convection-diffusion equation by the method of characteristics. Journal of Computational and Applied Mathematics, 168, 31-39. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cam.2003.12.003
- Chiang, C. Y., Wheeler, M. F. and Bedient, P. B. (1989). A modified method of characteristics technique and mixed finite elements method for simulation of groundwater solute transport. Water Resources Research, 25(7), 1541-1549. https://doi.org/10.1029/WR025i007p01541
- Frolkovic, P. (2002). Flux-based method of characteristics for contaminant transport in flowing groundwater. Computing and Visualization in Science, 5, 73-83. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00791-002-0089-1
- Garder, A. O., Peaceman, D. W. and Pozzi, A. L. Jr. (1964). Numerical calculation of multidimensional miscible displacement by the method of characteristics. Society of Petroleum Engineers Journal, 4(1), 26-36. https://doi.org/10.2118/683-PA
- Goode, D. J. (1990). Particle velocity interpolation in block-centered finite difference groundwater flow models. Water Resources Research, 26(5), 925-940. https://doi.org/10.1029/WR026i005p00925
- Igboekwe, M. U. (2014). Finite Element Method of Modeling Solute Transport in Groundwater Flow. The Pacific Journal of Science and Technology, 15(1), 85-92. https://doi.org/10.1029/WR025i005p00857
- Illangasekare, T. H. and Doll, P. (1989). A discrete kernel method of characteristics model of solute transport in water table aquifers. Water Resources Research, 25(5), 857-867.
- Kulkarni. (2008). Numerical Experiments on the Solute Transport in Groundwater Flow Systems, Ph.D. Thesis, IIT Bombay, India.
- Kinzelbach, W. K. H. and Frind, E. O. (1986). Accuracy criteria for advection-dispersion models. VI International Conference on Finite Elements in Water Resources, Lisbon, Portugal.
- Konikow, L. F. and Bredehoeft, J. D. (1978). Computer model of two-dimensional solute transport and dispersion in groundwater. Techniques of Water Resources Investigations, USGS Book 7, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington D. C.
- Lichtner, P. C., Kelkar, S. and Robinson, B. (2002). New form of dispersion tensor for axisymmetric porous media with implementation in particle tracking. Water Resources Research, 38(8), 1-16. https://doi.org/10.1029/2000WR000100
- Neuman, S. P. (1984). Adaptive Eulerian-Lagrangian finite element method for advection-dispersion. International Journal of Numerical Methods in Engineering, 20, 321-337. https://doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620200211
- Pinder, G. F. and Gray, W. G. (1977). Finite Element Simulation in Surface and subsurface Hydrology, Academic Press, San Diego.
- Sheu, T. W. H. and Chen, Y. H. (2002). Finite element analysis of contaminant transport in groundwater. Applied Mathematics and Computation, 127, 23-43. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0096-3003(00)00160-0
- Zhang, R., Huang, K. and van Glenuchten, M. T. (1993). An efficient Eulerian- Lagrangian method for solving solute transport problems in steady and transient flow fields. Water Resources Research, 29(12), 4131-4138. https://doi.org/10.1029/93WR01674
Experimental Investigation of Treatment of Domestic Wastewater Using Multi Soil Layering (MSL) System
Vaishnavi Vyankatesh Deshpande, Akshay Rajan Thorvat
AQUADEMIA WATER ENV, Volume 2, Issue 2, Article No: 05
https://doi.org/10.20897/awet/3963
Research Article
[Abstract]
[PDF]
[References]
ABSTRACT
Soil has been used for the treatment of wastewater from long time ago. Domestic wastewater treatment and disposal is the serious problem our country is facing nowadays. If not treated it further pollutes the rivers. In villages or rural areas where centralized wastewater treatment is not possible because of the scattered houses, a decentralized treatment unit needs to be installed. Multi Soil Layering system is such a decentralized treatment used for the treatment of domestic wastewater. The main objective of this study is to investigate the experimental setup of Multi Soil layering system for the treatment of domestic wastewater. The pre-fabricated acrylic material model of dimension 50cm (L) x 20cm (W) x 60cm (D) was used for the experimental analysis. The potential of the MSL for removal of pollutants from wastewater by changing the operating conditions like flow rate, aeration and non aeration condition was studied. The MSL system proved to be efficient for treatment of domestic wastewater. The study revealed that the flow rate of 0.2 m3/m2/day with aeration condition was efficient for treating domestic wastewater by Multi Soil Layering System. For Flow rate of 0.2 m3/m2/day, the average inlet and outlet ph was observed pH 6.75 and 7.59. The percent removal was as follows: BOD: 87.63%, COD: 87.73%, TSS: 77.12% and TP: 95.45%.
Keywords: domestic wastewater, multi soil layering (MSL), soil mixture layer (SML), permeable layer (PL), hydraulic loading rate (HLR)
REFERENCES
- An, C. J., McBean, E., Huang, G. H., Yao, Y., Zhang, P., Chen, X. J. and Li, Y. P. (2016). Multi-Soil-Layering Systems for Wastewater Treatment in Small and Remote Communities. Journal of Environmental Informatics, 27(2), 131-144. https://doi.org/10.3808/jei.201500328
- Boonsook, P., Luanmanee, S., Attanandana, T., Kamidouzono, A., Masunaga, T. and Wakatsuki, T. (2003). A Comparative Study of Permeable Layer Materials and Aeration Regime on Efficiency of Multi-Soil-Layering System for Domestic Wastewater Treatment in Thailand. Soil Science and Plant Nutrition, 49(6), 873–882. https://doi.org/10.1080/00380768.2003.10410350
- Chen, X., Luo, A. C., Sato, K., Wakatsuki, T. and Masunaga, T. (2009). An introduction of a multi-soil-layering system: a novel green technology for wastewater treatment in rural areas. Water and Environment Journal, 23, 255-262. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1747-6593.2008.00143.x
- Ho, C. C. and Wang, P. H. (2015). Efficiency of a Multi-Soil-Layering System on Wastewater Treatment Using Environment-Friendly Filter Materials. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 12(3), 3362-3380. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph120303362
- Khaoula, L., Mustapha, M., Tsugiyuki, M., Said, O., Houssine, B., Laila, M. (2017). Wastewater Treatment Plant Performance inside Multi-Soil-Layering System. American Journal of Applied Sciences, 14(1), 53-59. https://doi.org/10.3844/ajassp.2017.53.59
- Lamzouri, K., Mahi, M., Ouatar, S., Bartali, E., Masunaga, T., Latrach, L. and Mandi, L. (2016). Application of Multi-soil-layering technique for wastewater treatment in Moroccan rural areas: study of the operation process for an engineering design. Journal of Materials and Environmental Science, 7(2), 579-585. ISSN: 2028-2508.
- Latrach, L., Ouazzani, N., Masunaga, T., Hejjaj, A., Bouhoum, K., Mahi, M. and Mandi, L. (2016). Domestic wastewater disinfection by combined treatment using multi-soil-layering system and sand filters (MSL–SF): A laboratory pilot study. Ecological Engineering, 91, 294-301. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecoleng.2016.02.036
- Luanmanee, S., Attanandana, T., Masunaga, T. and Wakatsuki, T. (2001). The efficiency of a multi-soil-layering system on domestic wastewater treatment during the ninth and tenth years of operation. Ecological Engineering, 18(2), 185-199. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0925-8574(01)00077-5
- Masunaga, T., Sato, K., Mori, J., Shirahama, M., Kudo, H. and Wakatsuki, T. (2007). Characteristics of wastewater treatment using a multi‐soil‐layering system in relation to wastewater contamination levels and hydraulic loading rates. Soil Science & Plant Nutrition, 53(2), 215-223. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1747-0765.2007.00128.x
- Masunaga, T., Sato, K., Zennami, T., Fujii, S. and Wakatsuki, T. (2003). Direct treatment of polluted river water by the multi-soil-layering method. Journal of Water and Environment Technology, 1(1), 97-104. https://doi.org/10.2965/jwet.2003.97